英国伦敦大学国王学院Sultan Abdul-Jawad等研究人员合作揭示癌症患者感染SARS-CoV-2后的急性免疫特征与长期影响。这一研究成果于2021年1月4日在线发表在国际学术期刊《癌细胞》上。

鉴于免疫系统对于癌症监测和治疗的重要性，研究人员分析了癌症患者可能会受到的SARS-CoV-2感染影响。在肿瘤类型、阶段和治疗的某些异质性中，暴露于病毒的实体癌患者显示出SARS-CoV-2的主要影响，从其免疫特征与COVID-19⁺非癌症患者的免疫特征相似可明显看出。血液学恶性肿瘤并非如此简单，暴露于病毒的患者共同表现出异质的体液反应、耗竭的T细胞表型和高度流行的长时间病毒脱落。

此外，虽然恢复后的实体癌症患者的免疫表型与未接触病毒的癌症患者相似，但恢复后的血液癌症患者显示出独特的、持久的免疫学影响。因此，虽然包括晚期癌症在内的实体癌症患者似乎没有比一般人群更多地面临SARS-CoV-2相关免疫失调的风险，但血液癌症患者显示出SARS-CoV-2暴露的复杂免疫学后果，这可能有助于提供相关护理。

附：英文原文

Title: Acute immune signatures and their legacies in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infected cancer patients

Author: Sultan Abdul-Jawad, Luca Baù, Thanussuyah Alaguthurai, Irene del Molino del Barrio, Adam G. Laing, Thomas S. Hayday, Leticia Monin, Miguel Munoz-Ruiz, Louisa McDonald, Isaac Francos Quijorna, Duncan McKenzie, Richard Davis, Anna Lorenc, Julie Nuo En Chan, Sarah Ryan, Eva Bugallo-Blanco, Rozalyn Yorke, Shraddha Kamdar, Matthew Fish, Iva Zlatareva, Pierre Vantourout, Aislinn Jennings, Sarah Gee, Katie Doores, Katharine Bailey, Sophie Hazell, Julien De Naurois, Charlotte Moss, Beth Russell, Aadil A. Khan, Mark Rowley, Reuben Benjamin, Deborah Enting, Doraid Alrifai, Yin Wu, You Zhou, Paul Barber, Tony Ng, James Spicer, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Mayur Kumar, Jennifer Vidler, Yadanar Lwin, Paul Fields, Sophia N. Karagiannis, Anthony C.C. Coolen, Anne Rigg, Sophie Papa, Adrian C. Hayday, Piers E.M. Patten, Sheeba Irshad

Issue&Volume: 2021-01-04

Abstract: Given the immune system’s importance for cancer surveillance and treatment, we haveinvestigated how it may be affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection of cancer patients. Acrosssome heterogeneity in tumour type, stage and treatment, virus-exposed solid cancerpatients display a dominant impact of SARS-CoV-2, apparent from the resemblance oftheir immune signatures to those for COVID-19+ non-cancer patients. This is not the case for haematological malignancies, with virus-exposedpatients collectively displaying heterogeneous humoral responses, an exhausted T cellphenotype and a high prevalence of prolonged virus shedding. Furthermore, while recoveredsolid cancer patients’ immunophenotypes resemble those of non-virus-exposed cancerpatients, recovered haematological cancer patients display distinct, lingering immunologicallegacies. Thus, while solid cancer patients, including those with advanced disease,seem no more at risk of SARS-CoV-2-associated immune dysregulation than the generalpopulation, haematological cancer patients show complex immunological consequencesof SARS-CoV-2 exposure that might usefully inform their care.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.01.001

Source: https://www.cell.com/cancer-cell/fulltext/S1535-6108(21)00001-5