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烟草控制政策对全球吸烟率的影响
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2021/1/22 17:30:48

美国华盛顿大学Emmanuela Gakidou小组在最新研究中,分析了烟草控制政策对全球吸烟率的影响。相关论文发表在2021年1月21日出版的《自然-医学》杂志上。

他们表明,全面的烟草控制政策(包括禁烟令、健康警告、广告禁令和烟草税)可有效降低吸烟率;在特定国家/地区同时实施这些政策时,可以看到放大的积极效果。他们发现,如果在反事实分析中包括的所有155个国家/地区都在最严格的水平上采取了禁烟令、健康警告和广告禁令,并将卷烟价格提高到至少7.73美元,那么在美国将减少大约1亿烟民。这些发现凸显了各国迫切需要加快实施一系列强有力的烟草控制措施,从而减轻因吸烟引起的疾病和死亡的负担。

据悉,在过去的二十年中,全球为减少烟草流行做出了巨大的努力,尤其是在世界卫生组织于2003年通过《烟草控制框架公约》 之后。2015年,由于认识到烟草使用造成的负担,烟草控制被列入《 2030年可持续发展议程》 的全球发展目标。

附:英文原文

Title: The effects of tobacco control policies on global smoking prevalence

Author: Luisa S. Flor, Marissa B. Reitsma, Vinay Gupta, Marie Ng, Emmanuela Gakidou

Issue&Volume: 2021-01-21

Abstract: Substantial global effort has been devoted to curtailing the tobacco epidemic over the past two decades, especially after the adoption of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control1 by the World Health Organization in 2003. In 2015, in recognition of the burden resulting from tobacco use, strengthened tobacco control was included as a global development target in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development2. Here we show that comprehensive tobacco control policies—including smoking bans, health warnings, advertising bans and tobacco taxes—are effective in reducing smoking prevalence; amplified positive effects are seen when these policies are implemented simultaneously within a given country. We find that if all 155 countries included in our counterfactual analysis had adopted smoking bans, health warnings and advertising bans at the strictest level and raised cigarette prices to at least 7.73 international dollars in 2009, there would have been about 100 million fewer smokers in the world in 2017. These findings highlight the urgent need for countries to move toward an accelerated implementation of a set of strong tobacco control practices, thus curbing the burden of smoking-attributable diseases and deaths.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-01210-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-01210-8

期刊信息

Nature Medicine:《自然—医学》,创刊于1995年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:30.641
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/nm/
投稿链接:https://mts-nmed.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex