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研究揭示脂肪、碳水化合物对能量摄入的影响
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2021/1/22 16:32:26

美国国立糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾疾病研究所Kevin D. Hall小组取得一项新突破。他们研究揭示了植物性低脂饮食与动物性生酮饮食对能量摄入的影响。这一研究成果发表在2021年1月21日出版的国际学术期刊《自然-医学》上。

为了验证低碳水化合物对能量摄入的影响,研究人员将美国国立卫生研究院临床中心的20名年龄为29.9±1.4(mean±sem)岁、体重指数为27.8±1.3 kg m-2的住院病人随机分配摄入最少加工植物性低脂(10.3%脂肪、75.2%碳水化合物)但高血糖负荷(85 g 1,000 kcal-1)的饮食,或最少加工动物性生酮、低碳水化合物(75.8%脂肪)且低血糖负荷(6 g 1,000 kcal-1)的饮食,并持续2周;随后立即进行替代饮食2周。

在低碳水化合物组中,一名参与者因血糖过低而退出。研究主要比较了每两周饮食期间以及每一饮食最后一周之间的平均每日随意能量摄入。研究发现在两周内,低脂饮食组的热量摄入量比低碳水化合物组低689±73 kcal d−1(P <0.0001),而在最后一周减少了544±68 kcal d−1(P < 0.0001)。因此,碳水化合物-胰岛素模型的预测与该观察结果并不一致。

研究人员表示,与肥胖相关的碳水化合物-胰岛素模型认为,饮食高碳水化合物会导致胰岛素分泌过多,从而促进脂肪堆积并增加能量摄入。因此,与低脂、高碳水化合物相比,饮食低碳水化合物可能会减少任意摄入的能量。

附:英文原文

Title: Effect of a plant-based, low-fat diet versus an animal-based, ketogenic diet on ad libitum energy intake

Author: Kevin D. Hall, Juen Guo, Amber B. Courville, James Boring, Robert Brychta, Kong Y. Chen, Valerie Darcey, Ciaran G. Forde, Ahmed M. Gharib, Isabelle Gallagher, Rebecca Howard, Paule V. Joseph, Lauren Milley, Ronald Ouwerkerk, Klaudia Raisinger, Irene Rozga, Alex Schick, Michael Stagliano, Stephan Torres, Mary Walter, Peter Walter, Shanna Yang, Stephanie T. Chung

Issue&Volume: 2021-01-21

Abstract: The carbohydrate–insulin model of obesity posits that high-carbohydrate diets lead to excess insulin secretion, thereby promoting fat accumulation and increasing energy intake. Thus, low-carbohydrate diets are predicted to reduce ad libitum energy intake as compared to low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets. To test this hypothesis, 20 adults aged 29.9±1.4 (mean±s.e.m.) years with body mass index of 27.8±1.3kgm2 were admitted as inpatients to the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center and randomized to consume ad libitum either a minimally processed, plant-based, low-fat diet (10.3% fat, 75.2% carbohydrate) with high glycemic load (85g1,000kcal1) or a minimally processed, animal-based, ketogenic, low-carbohydrate diet (75.8% fat, 10.0% carbohydrate) with low glycemic load (6g1,000kcal1) for 2 weeks followed immediately by the alternate diet for 2 weeks. One participant withdrew due to hypoglycemia during the low-carbohydrate diet. The primary outcomes compared mean daily ad libitum energy intake between each 2-week diet period as well as between the final week of each diet. We found that the low-fat diet led to 689±73kcald1 less energy intake than the low-carbohydrate diet over 2 weeks (P<0.0001) and 544±68kcald1 less over the final week (P<0.0001). Therefore, the predictions of the carbohydrate–insulin model were inconsistent with our observations. This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03878108.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-01209-1

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-01209-1

期刊信息

Nature Medicine:《自然—医学》,创刊于1995年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:30.641
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/nm/
投稿链接:https://mts-nmed.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex