美国麻省理工学院Aviv Regev等研究人员合作绘制出单细胞分辨率下的人类和小鼠肠神经系统（ENS）图谱。2020年9月3日，《细胞》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

Title: The Human and Mouse Enteric Nervous System at Single-Cell Resolution

Author: Eugene Drokhlyansky, Christopher S. Smillie, Nicholas Van Wittenberghe, Maria Ericsson, Gabriel K. Griffin, Gokcen Eraslan, Danielle Dionne, Michael S. Cuoco, Max N. Goder-Reiser, Tatyana Sharova, Olena Kuksenko, Andrew J. Aguirre, Genevieve M. Boland, Daniel Graham, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Ramnik J. Xavier, Aviv Regev

Issue&Volume: 2020-09-03

Abstract: The enteric nervous system (ENS) coordinates diverse functions in the intestine buthas eluded comprehensive molecular characterization because of the rarity and diversityof cells. Here we develop two methods to profile the ENS of adult mice and humansat single-cell resolution: RAISIN RNA-seq for profiling intact nuclei with ribosome-boundmRNA and MIRACL-seq for label-free enrichment of rare cell types by droplet-basedprofiling. The 1,187,535 nuclei in our mouse atlas include 5,068 neurons from theileum and colon, revealing extraordinary neuron diversity. We highlight circadianexpression changes in enteric neurons, show that disease-related genes are dysregulatedwith aging, and identify differences between the ileum and proximal/distal colon.In humans, we profile 436,202 nuclei, recovering 1,445 neurons, and identify conservedand species-specific transcriptional programs and putative neuro-epithelial, neuro-stromal,and neuro-immune interactions. The human ENS expresses risk genes for neuropathic,inflammatory, and extra-intestinal diseases, suggesting neuronal contributions todisease.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.003

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30994-6