2020年8月3日，美国罗彻斯特大学Minsoo Kim、Kihong Lim团队在《自然-免疫学》杂志发表论文，研究发现原位中性粒细胞的胞葬作用重塑T细胞对流感感染的免疫。

使用活体多光子显微镜，研究人员发现了在流感感染小鼠的气道内，以前未知的中性粒细胞与组织驻留吞噬细胞间相互作用的运动模式。新浸润的炎性单核细胞成为吞噬细胞的主要细胞库，并在高能动性凋亡中性粒细胞的清除中起关键作用。凋亡中性粒细胞进一步释放表皮生长因子，并促进单核细胞分化为组织驻留抗原呈递细胞，从而激活抗病毒T细胞效应子功能。

总的来说，这些结果表明，感染组织中原位中性粒细胞的分离对于CD8⁺T细胞介导的最适免疫保护至关重要。

据介绍，早期从血液中招募嗜中性粒细胞到组织感染部位是先天免疫反应的标志。然而，人们对感染组织中凋亡中性粒细胞的清除机制以及原位胞葬作用的免疫重要性知之甚少。

附：英文原文

Title: In situ neutrophil efferocytosis shapes T cell immunity to influenza infection

Author: Kihong Lim, Tae-hyoun Kim, Alissa Trzeciak, Andrea M. Amitrano, Emma C. Reilly, Hen Prizant, Deborah J. Fowell, David J. Topham, Minsoo Kim

Issue&Volume: 2020-08-03

Abstract: Early recruitment of neutrophils from the blood to sites of tissue infection is a hallmark of innate immune responses. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which apoptotic neutrophils are cleared in infected tissues during resolution and the immunological consequences of in situ efferocytosis. Using intravital multiphoton microscopy, we show previously unrecognized motility patterns of interactions between neutrophils and tissue-resident phagocytes within the influenza-infected mouse airway. Newly infiltrated inflammatory monocytes become a chief pool of phagocytes and play a key role in the clearance of highly motile apoptotic neutrophils during the resolution phase. Apoptotic neutrophils further release epidermal growth factor and promote the differentiation of monocytes into tissue-resident antigen-presenting cells for activation of antiviral T cell effector functions. Collectively, these results suggest that the presence of in situ neutrophil resolution at the infected tissue is critical for optimal CD8+ T cell–mediated immune protection.

DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0746-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-020-0746-x