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一群受微生物影响的神经元或可自主调节血糖
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2020/8/29 18:28:48

美国洛克菲勒大学Daniel Mucida、Paul A. Muller等研究人员合作发现,微生物群调节的CART+肠神经元可自主调节血糖。这一研究成果于2020年8月27日在线发表在《科学》上。

研究人员小鼠中固有的肠道相关神经元(iEAN)在功能上适应于它们所占据的肠段。回肠和结肠神经元对微生物定植的反应比十二指肠神经元更敏感。
 
具体而言,一群微生物响应CART+神经元富集在回肠和结肠,并参与调节进食和葡萄糖代谢。这些CART+神经元将轴突发送到椎前神经节,并与肝和胰腺多突触连接。微生物群耗竭导致CART+神经元的NLRP6和Caspase 11依赖性丧失,以及葡萄糖调节受损。因此,iEAN亚群似乎能够独立于中枢神经系统调节血糖水平。
 
据悉,肠道菌群影响免疫和神经系统的组织生理、新陈代谢以及功能。
 
附:英文原文

Title: Microbiota-modulated CART+ enteric neurons autonomously regulate blood glucose

Author: Paul A. Muller, Fanny Matheis, Marc Schneeberger, Zachary Kerner, Veronica Jové, Daniel Mucida

Issue&Volume: 2020/08/27

Abstract: Abstract The gut microbiota affects tissue physiology, metabolism, and function of both the immune and nervous systems. We found that intrinsic enteric-associated neurons (iEAN) in mice are functionally adapted to the intestinal segment they occupy; ileal and colonic neurons are more responsive to microbial colonization than duodenal neurons. Specifically, a microbially-responsive subset of viscerofugal CART+ neurons, enriched in the ileum and colon, modulated feeding and glucose metabolism. These CART+ neurons send axons to the prevertebral ganglia and are poly-synaptically connected to the liver and pancreas. Microbiota depletion led to NLRP6– and Caspase 11-dependent loss of CART+ neurons, and impaired glucose regulation. Hence, iEAN subsets appear to be capable of regulating blood glucose levels independently from the central nervous system.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abd6176

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/08/26/science.abd6176

期刊信息
Science:《科学》,创刊于1880年。隶属于美国科学促进会,最新IF:41.037