单剂量鼻内ChAd疫苗可保护上下呼吸道抵抗SARS-CoV-2感染，这一成果由美国华盛顿大学医学院Michael S. Diamond、David T. Curiel等研究人员合作完成。这一研究成果于2020年8月19日在线发表在《细胞》上。

Title: A single-dose intranasal ChAd vaccine protects upper and lower respiratory tracts against SARS-CoV-2

Author: Ahmed O. Hassan, Natasha M. Kafai, Igor P. Dmitriev, Julie M. Fox, Brittany K. Smith, Ian B. Harvey, Rita E. Chen, Emma S. Winkler, Alex W. Wessel, James Brett Case, Elena Kashentseva, Broc T. McCune, Adam L. Bailey, Haiyan Zhao, Laura A. VanBlargan, Ya-Nan Dai, Meisheng Ma, Lucas J. Adams, Swathi Shrihari, Jonathan E. Danis, Lisa E. Gralinski, Yixuan J. Hou, Alexandra Schfer, Arthur S. Kim, Shamus P. Keeler, Daniela Weiskopf, Ralph S. Baric, Michael J. Holtzman, Daved H. Fremont, David T. Curiel, Michael S. Diamond

Issue&Volume:

Abstract: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic has made deployment of an effective vaccine a global health priority. We evaluated the protective activity of a chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine encoding a pre-fusion stabilized spike protein (ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S) in challenge studies with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and mice expressing the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor. Intramuscular dosing of ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S induces robust systemic humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and protects against lung infection, inflammation, and pathology but does not confer sterilizing immunity, as evidenced by detection of viral RNA and induction of anti-nucleoprotein antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 challenge. In contrast, a single intranasal dose of ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies, promotes systemic and mucosal IgA and T cell responses, and virtually completely prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. Intranasal administration of ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S is a candidate for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission, and curtailing pandemic spread.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.026

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)31068-0