加拿大渥太华医院研究所Daniel J. Corsi研究团队探究了孕妇在孕期使用大麻对儿童神经发育的影响。相关论文于2020年8月10日发表在《自然-医学》杂志上。

使用母亲在孕期使用大麻的省出生登记信息，研究人员对加拿大安大略省2007年4月1日至2012年3月31日期间的所有新生儿进行了回顾性分析。研究人员将怀孕和出生数据与省卫生行政数据库联系起来，以确定儿童神经发育的结果。研究人员使用控制混淆技术和Cox比例风险回归模型相匹配以检查产前大麻使用与儿童神经发育之间的关联。

研究发现孕妇使用大麻与后代自闭症谱系障碍的发生率之间存在关联。母亲孕期吸食大麻的儿童自闭症谱系障碍诊断发生率为每千人年4.00，而未接触儿童为2.42，经过完全调整的风险比在配对队列中为1.51（95％可信区间：1.17-1.96）。在孕期食用大麻母亲产生的后代中，智障和学习障碍的发生率较高，尽管在统计上差异较弱。考虑到残留混杂的可能性，研究人员强调对这些发现需要谨慎分析。

研究人员表示，孕期使用大麻的孕妇人数日益增加，许多妇女在整个孕期都不停食大麻。随着娱乐性大麻在许多地区合法化，人们担心与产前吸食大麻可能对儿童发育产生不良后果。

附：英文原文

Title: Maternal cannabis use in pregnancy and child neurodevelopmental outcomes

Author: Daniel J. Corsi, Jessy Donelle, Ewa Sucha, Steven Hawken, Helen Hsu, Darine El-Char, Lise Bisnaire, Deshayne Fell, Shi Wu Wen, Mark Walker

Issue&Volume: 2020-08-10

Abstract: Cannabis use in pregnancy has increased1,2, and many women continue to use it throughout pregnancy3. With the legalization of recreational cannabis in many jurisdictions, there is concern about potentially adverse childhood outcomes related to prenatal exposure4. Using the provincial birth registry containing information on cannabis use during pregnancy, we perform a retrospective analysis of all live births in Ontario, Canada, between 1April 2007 and 31March 2012. We link pregnancy and birth data to provincial health administrative databases to ascertain child neurodevelopmental outcomes. We use matching techniques to control for confounding and Cox proportional hazards regression models to examine associations between prenatal cannabis use and child neurodevelopment. We find an association between maternal cannabis use in pregnancy and the incidence of autism spectrum disorder in the offspring. The incidence of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis was 4.00 per 1,000person-years among children with exposure compared to 2.42 among unexposed children, and the fully adjusted hazard ratio was 1.51 (95% confidence interval: 1.17–1.96) in the matched cohort. The incidence of intellectual disability and learning disorders was higher among offspring of mothers who use cannabis in pregnancy, although less statistically robust. We emphasize a cautious interpretation of these findings given the likelihood of residual confounding.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-1002-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1002-5