当前位置:科学网首页 > 小柯机器人 >详情
NREM和REM睡眠可对视觉学习进行互补
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2020/7/22 14:54:43

美国布朗大学Yuka Sasaki团队取得最新进展。他们发现非快速眼动(NREM)和快速眼动(REM)睡眠对视觉学习的互补作用。相关论文于2020年7月20日发表在《自然-神经科学》杂志上。

他们对志愿者的视觉任务进行了训练,并在随后的睡眠过程中测量了早期视觉区域的兴奋性和抑制性(E / I)平衡,以此作为可塑性的指标。不管是否进行睡前学习,在NREM睡眠期间,E / I平衡都会增加,但与睡前相对于睡后学习获益有关。相反,在REM睡眠期间,E / I平衡下降,但仅在睡前学习后下降,并且该下降与睡前学习的稳定有关。

这些发现表明,NREM睡眠促进可塑性,从而导致学习能力获益独立于学习,而REM睡眠降低可塑性,从而以学习特定的方式稳定学习过程。Tamaki等在经过视觉任务训练的熟睡人中测量了磁共振波谱变化。在NREM睡眠期间,学习获益与视觉皮层可塑性增强有关,而视觉皮层可塑性与学习无关。REM睡眠只有在睡前学习后才能稳定可塑性。

据了解,睡眠对学习有益。但是,目前尚不清楚是通过NREM睡眠还是通过REM睡眠促进学习,它是由可塑性增加还是稳定所导致,以及促进是否由特定于学习的过程所导致。

附:英文原文

Title: Complementary contributions of non-REM and REM sleep to visual learning

Author: Masako Tamaki, Zhiyan Wang, Tyler Barnes-Diana, DeeAnn Guo, Aaron V. Berard, Edward Walsh, Takeo Watanabe, Yuka Sasaki

Issue&Volume: 2020-07-20

Abstract: Sleep is beneficial for learning. However, it remains unclear whether learning is facilitated by non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep or by REM sleep, whether it results from plasticity increases or stabilization, and whether facilitation results from learning-specific processing. Here, we trained volunteers on a visual task and measured the excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) balance in early visual areas during subsequent sleep as an index of plasticity. The E/I balance increased during NREM sleep irrespective of whether pre-sleep learning occurred, but it was associated with post-sleep performance gains relative to pre-sleep performance. In contrast, the E/I balance decreased during REM sleep but only after pre-sleep training, and the decrease was associated with stabilization of pre-sleep learning. These findings indicate that NREM sleep promotes plasticity, leading to performance gains independent of learning, while REM sleep decreases plasticity to stabilize learning in a learning-specific manner. Tamaki et al. measured MRS changes in sleeping humans trained on a visual task. During NREM sleep, learning gains were associated with enhanced visual cortical plasticity that was also seen independent of learning. REM sleep stabilized plasticity only after pre-sleep learning.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-0666-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-020-0666-y

期刊信息

Nature Neuroscience:《自然—神经科学》,创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新if:21.126
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接:https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex