美国麻省理工学院的Peter W. Reddien研究小组发现，肌肉和神经元柱状样细胞促进平面视觉系统的再生。 这一研究成果发表在2020年6月26日的《科学》杂志上。

研究人员探究了真涡虫视觉系统损伤后的再生过程。在未受伤和再生的动物中，研究人员在固有区域发现了与光感受器轴突紧密相关的稀少肌细胞。这些细胞与神经元细胞一起，在不同的损伤和眼移植环境中促进视觉系统的从头组装。这些柱状样肌肉细胞不依附于眼睛，其位置是由外部位置信息序列决定的。

这些发现揭示了一种机制，这包括经常在胚胎中观察到的柱状样细胞成熟细胞的形成，其用于再生过程中轴突模式恢复。

研究人员表示，在某些成年生物中，损伤后受损或丢失的神经元回路可以再生，但在很大程度上诱导此过程的机制尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Muscle and neuronal guidepost-like cells facilitate planarian visual system regeneration

Author: M. Lucila Scimone, Kutay D. Atabay, Christopher T. Fincher, Ashley R. Bonneau, Dayan J. Li, Peter W. Reddien

Issue&Volume: 2020/06/26

Abstract: Neuronal circuits damaged or lost after injury can be regenerated in some adult organisms, but the mechanisms enabling this process are largely unknown. We used the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea to study visual system regeneration after injury. We identify a rare population of muscle cells tightly associated with photoreceptor axons at stereotyped positions in both uninjured and regenerating animals. Together with a neuronal population, these cells promote de novo assembly of the visual system in diverse injury and eye transplantation contexts. These muscle guidepost-like cells are specified independently of eyes, and their position is defined by an extrinsic array of positional information cues. These findings provide a mechanism, involving adult formation of guidepost-like cells typically observed in embryos, for axon pattern restoration in regeneration.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aba3203

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/368/6498/eaba3203