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人类特异性ARHGAP11B增加灵长类新皮层的大小和折叠
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2020/6/20 17:17:42

德国马克斯普朗克研究所Wieland B. Huttner、Michael Heide等研究人员合作发现,人类特异性ARHGAP11B在胎狨中增加灵长类新皮层的大小和折叠。2020年6月18日,《科学》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员发现,ARHGAP11B导致灵长类动物新皮层的扩张。在该基因自身启动子的控制下,ARHGAP11B在普通狨的胎儿新皮层中表达,从而增加了狨外侧室下区的基底放射状胶质祖细胞数量、上层神经元数量,扩大了新皮层并诱导了其折叠。
 
因此,特定于人类的ARHGAP11B驱动着非人类灵长类狨的发育变化,这反映了人类新皮层发育特征的进化改变。
 
据了解,在哺乳动物进化过程中,新皮层已经扩大。在小鼠和雪貂新皮层发育中的过表达研究表明,人类特异性基因ARHGAP11B参与了新皮层的扩张,但与灵长类动物进化的相关性尚不清楚。
 
附:英文原文

Title: Human-specific ARHGAP11B increases size and folding of primate neocortex in the fetal marmoset

Author: Michael Heide, Christiane Haffner, Ayako Murayama, Yoko Kurotaki, Haruka Shinohara, Hideyuki Okano, Erika Sasaki, Wieland B. Huttner

Issue&Volume: 2020/06/18

Abstract: Abstract The neocortex has expanded during mammalian evolution. Overexpression studies in developing mouse and ferret neocortex have implicated the human-specific gene ARHGAP11B in neocortical expansion, but the relevance for primate evolution has been unclear. Here, we provide functional evidence that ARHGAP11B causes expansion of the primate neocortex. ARHGAP11B expressed in fetal neocortex of the common marmoset under control of the gene’s own, human, promoter increased numbers of basal radial glia progenitors in the marmoset outer subventricular zone, increased numbers of upper-layer neurons, enlarged the neocortex, and induced its folding. Thus, the human-specific ARHGAP11B drives changes in development in the non-human primate marmoset that reflect the changes in evolution that characterize human neocortical development.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abb2401

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/06/17/science.abb2401

期刊信息
Science:《科学》,创刊于1880年。隶属于美国科学促进会,最新IF:41.037