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新冠病毒感染后可防止恒河猴再次感染
作者：小柯机器人 发布时间：2020/5/21 23:34:56

美国哈佛医学院Dan H. Barouch等研究人员发现，新冠病毒（SARS-CoV-2）感染后可防止恒河猴再次感染。该研究于2020年5月20日在线发表于《科学》。

研究人员建立了SARS-CoV-2感染的恒河猴模型，并观察到恒河猴在上下呼吸道中具有高病毒载量、体液和细胞免疫反应以及病毒性肺炎等病理学证据。 初始病毒清除后，对动物再次进行SARS-CoV-2感染，与首次感染相比，支气管肺泡灌洗液和鼻黏膜的中值病毒载量降低了5 log10。再次感染后的记忆性免疫反应表明，这些保护作用是由免疫调控介导的。这些数据表明，SARS-CoV-2感染在非人类灵长类动物中诱导了预防二次感染的保护性免疫。
 
据悉，SARS-CoV-2保护性免疫的认识对于COVID-19疫苗研发和相关公共卫生策略制定至关重要。一个关键的尚未解决的问题是，SARS-CoV-2感染是否能够产生保护性免疫，以防再次感染。
 
附：英文原文

Title: SARS-CoV-2 infection protects against rechallenge in rhesus macaques

Author: Abishek Chandrashekar, Jinyan Liu, Amanda J. Martinot, Katherine McMahan, Noe B. Mercado, Lauren Peter, Lisa H. Tostanoski, Jingyou Yu, Zoltan Maliga, Michael Nekorchuk, Kathleen Busman-Sahay, Margaret Terry, Linda M. Wrijil, Sarah Ducat, David R. Martinez, Caroline Atyeo, Stephanie Fischinger, John S. Burke, Matthew D. Slein, Laurent Pessaint, Alex Van Ry, Jack Greenhouse, Tammy Taylor, Kelvin Blade, Anthony Cook, Brad Finneyfrock, Renita Brown, Elyse Teow, Jason Velasco, Roland Zahn, Frank Wegmann, Peter Abbink, Esther A. Bondzie, Gabriel Dagotto, Makda S. Gebre, Xuan He, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Nicole Kordana, Zhenfeng Li, Michelle A. Lifton, Shant H. Mahrokhian, Lori F. Maxfield, Ramya Nityanandam, Joseph P. Nkolola, Aaron G. Schmidt, Andrew D. Miller, Ralph S. Baric, Galit Alter, Peter K. Sorger, Jacob D. Estes, Hanne Andersen

Issue&Volume: 2020/05/20

Abstract: Abstract An understanding of protective immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for vaccine and public health strategies aimed at ending the global COVID-19 pandemic. A key unanswered question is whether infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in protective immunity against re-exposure. We developed a rhesus macaque model of SARS-CoV-2 infection and observed that macaques had high viral loads in the upper and lower respiratory tract, humoral and cellular immune responses, and pathologic evidence of viral pneumonia. Following initial viral clearance, animals were rechallenged with SARS-CoV-2 and showed 5 log10 reductions in median viral loads in bronchoalveolar lavage and nasal mucosa compared with primary infection. Anamnestic immune responses following rechallenge suggested that protection was mediated by immunologic control. These data show that SARS-CoV-2 infection induced protective immunity against re-exposure in nonhuman primates.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abc4776

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/05/19/science.abc4776

期刊信息
Science：《科学》，创刊于1880年。隶属于美国科学促进会，最新IF：41.037