美国国立卫生研究院Rafael de Cabo研究小组，通过多组学方法揭示了维持小鼠健康和寿命延长的决定因素。这一研究成果在线发表在2020年5月14日的《细胞—代谢》上。

对自由采食、喂食或热量限制（CR）动物的生理和多组学综合分析数据被用于深入探究与改善健康和生存相关的途径。研究人员发现甘氨酸-丝氨酸-苏氨酸代谢通路可能参与了长寿的调控并揭示了相关的分子机制。

通过对不同喂养策略动物的直接比较，研究人员揭示了改善健康的共享途径模式，其中包括短链脂肪酸和必需PUFA的代谢。在非人灵长类动物的血清代谢组中也重现了这些发现。研究人员猜想该研究揭示的调控网络可以被作为靶点以揭示其在健康衰老中的潜在作用。

据介绍，长期CR对健康和寿命的影响是复杂的，并且尚不了解其潜在的分子机制。一项在小鼠中进行的使用非人灵长类动物CR饮食的最新研究发现，尽管饮食组成不会影响寿命，但空腹时间和总卡路里摄入量是影响存活率的决定性因素。

附：英文原文

Title: Untangling Determinants of Enhanced Health and Lifespan through a Multi-omics Approach in Mice

Author: Miguel A. Aon, Michel Bernier, Sarah J. Mitchell, Clara Di Germanio, Julie A. Mattison, Margaux R. Ehrlich, Ricki J. Colman, Rozalyn M. Anderson, Rafael de Cabo

Issue&Volume: 2020-05-14

Abstract: The impact of chronic caloric restriction (CR) on health and survival is complex withpoorly understood underlying molecular mechanisms. A recent study in mice addressingthe diets used in nonhuman primate CR studies found that while diet composition didnot impact longevity, fasting time and total calorie intake were determinant for increasedsurvival. Here, integrated analysis of physiological and multi-omics data from ad libitum, meal-fed, or CR animals was used to gain insight into pathways associated with improvedhealth and survival. We identified a potential involvement of the glycine-serine-threoninemetabolic axis in longevity and related molecular mechanisms. Direct comparison ofthe different feeding strategies unveiled a pattern of shared pathways of improvedhealth that included short-chain fatty acids and essential PUFA metabolism. Thesefindings were recapitulated in the serum metabolome from nonhuman primates. We proposethat the pathways identified might be targeted for their potential role in healthyaging.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.018

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(20)30235-7