中国科学院动物研究所刘光慧、曲静和首都医科大学宣武医院weiqi zhang研究组，合作揭示了热量控制（CR）重塑衰老褐家鼠的单细胞转录图谱。该项研究成果在线发表在2020年2月27日的《细胞》上。

研究人员建立了衰老和CR大鼠各种跨组织的综合单细胞和单核转录组图谱。CR减弱了细胞类型组成、基因表达和核心转录调控网络中与衰老相关的变化。在衰老过程中免疫细胞增加，CR有利地逆转了衰老干扰的免疫系统。

计算预测表明，CR可逆转衰老过程中观察到的异常细胞间通讯，包括过度的促炎性配体-受体相互作用。这项工作提供了哺乳动物中与衰老和CR相关的多组织单细胞转录图谱，增进了人类对CR作为抗衰老干预措施可行性的见解，并揭示了代谢干预如何作用于免疫系统以改变衰老过程。

研究人员表示，衰老会导致整个身体组织的功能下降，这可能会因热量控制而延迟。然而，衰老的细胞概况和特征以及CR改善的细胞概况和特征仍不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Caloric Restriction Reprograms the Single-Cell Transcriptional Landscape of Rattus Norvegicus Aging

Author: Shuai Ma, Shuhui Sun, Lingling Geng, Moshi Song, Wei Wang, Yanxia Ye, Qianzhao Ji, Zhiran Zou, Si Wang, Xiaojuan He, Wei Li, Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban, Xiao Long, Guoji Guo, Piu Chan, Qi Zhou, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, Weiqi Zhang, Jing Qu, Guang-Hui Liu

Issue&Volume: 2020-02-27

Abstract: Aging causes a functional decline in tissues throughout the body that may be delayedby caloric restriction (CR). However, the cellular profiles and signatures of aging,as well as those ameliorated by CR, remain unclear. Here, we built comprehensive single-celland single-nucleus transcriptomic atlases across various rat tissues undergoing aging andCR. CR attenuated aging-related changes in cell type composition, gene expression,and core transcriptional regulatory networks. Immune cells were increased during aging,and CR favorably reversed the aging-disturbed immune ecosystem. Computational predictionrevealed that the abnormal cell-cell communication patterns observed during aging, includingthe excessive proinflammatory ligand-receptor interplay, were reversed by CR. Ourwork provides multi-tissue single-cell transcriptional landscapes associated withaging and CR in a mammal, enhances our understanding of the robustness of CR as ageroprotective intervention, and uncovers how metabolic intervention can act uponthe immune system to modify the process of aging.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.008

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30152-5