秘鲁佩鲁纳卡耶塔诺大学J. Jaime Miranda研究小组发现，盐替代品可降低人群的血压和高血压发病率。这一研究成果2020年2月17日在线发表于国际学术期刊《自然—医学》。

Title: Effect of salt substitution on community-wide blood pressure and hypertension incidence

Author: Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, Vctor G. Sal y Rosas, Vilarmina Ponce-Lucero, Mara K. Crdenas, Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco, Francisco Diez-Canseco, M. Amalia Pesantes, Katherine A. Sacksteder, Robert H. Gilman, J. Jaime Miranda

Issue&Volume: 2020-02-17

Abstract: Replacement of regular salt with potassium-enriched substitutes reduces blood pressure in controlled situations, mainly among people with hypertension. We report on a population-wide implementation of this strategy in a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial (NCT01960972). The regular salt in enrolled households was retrieved and replaced, free of charge, with a combination of 75% NaCl and 25% KCl. A total of 2,376 participants were enrolled in 6 villages in Tumbes, Peru. The fully adjusted intention-to-treat analysis showed an average reduction of 1.29mm Hg (95% confidence interval (95% CI) (2.17, 0.41)) in systolic and 0.76mmHg (95% CI (1.39, 0.13)) in diastolic blood pressure. Among participants without hypertension at baseline, in the time- and cluster-adjusted model, the use of the salt substitute was associated with a 51% (95% CI (29%, 66%)) reduced risk of developing hypertension compared with the control group. In 24-h urine samples, there was no evidence of differences in sodium levels (mean difference 0.01; 95% CI (0.25, 0.23)), but potassium levels were higher at the end of the study than at baseline (mean difference 0.63; 95% CI (0.78, 0.47)). Our results support a case for implementing a pragmatic, population-wide, salt-substitution strategy for reducing blood pressure and hypertension incidence.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0754-2

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0754-2