瑞典乌普萨拉大学Beatrice Kennedy团队研究了猫狗和主人之间共患糖尿病的风险。2020年12月10日，《英国医学杂志》发表了该成果。

为了调查狗和猫的主人及其宠物是否有共患糖尿病的风险，研究组在瑞典进行了一项基于登记的纵向队列研究。在基准评估期间（2004年1月1日至2006年12月31日）确定了208980对主人-狗对和123566对主人-猫对。主要观察指标为狗和猫主人的2型糖尿病事件及其宠物的糖尿病事件，包括随访期间（2007年1月1日至2012年12月31日）的诊断日期。

狗主人在随访期间发生2型糖尿病的风险为每1000人-年7.7例，而猫主人则为每1000人-年7.9例。宠物中糖尿病的发病率为每1000狗-年1.3只，每1000猫-年2.2只。糖尿病狗的主人与非糖尿病狗的主人相比，患2型糖尿病的粗风险比为1.38，多变量校正后为1.32。2型糖尿病主人的狗与非2型糖尿病主人的狗相比，患糖尿病的风险增加，粗风险比为1.28，在校正了主人的年龄后风险比降低为1.11。而猫主人为2型糖尿病与猫的糖尿病之间未发现相关性。

研究结果表明，糖尿病狗的主人比非糖尿病狗的主人更容易发生2型糖尿病。

附：英文原文

Title: The shared risk of diabetes between dog and cat owners and their pets: register based cohort study

Author: Rachel Ann Delicano, Ulf Hammar, Agneta Egenvall, Carri Westgarth, Mwenya Mubanga, Liisa Byberg, Tove Fall, Beatrice Kennedy

Issue&Volume: 2020/12/10

Abstract:

Objective To investigate whether dog and cat owners and their pets share a risk of developing diabetes.

Design Cohort study.

Setting Register based longitudinal study, Sweden.

Participants 208980 owner-dog pairs and 123566 owner-cat pairs identified during a baseline assessment period (1 January 2004 to 31 December 2006).

Main outcome measures Type 2 diabetes events in dog and cat owners and diabetes events in their pets, including date of diagnosis during the follow-up period (1 January 2007 to 31 December 2012). Owners with type 2 diabetes were identified by combining information from the National Patient Register, the Cause of Death Register, and the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. Information on diabetes in the pets was extracted from veterinary care insurance data. Multi-state models were used to assess the hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals and to adjust for possible shared risk factors, including personal and socioeconomic circumstances.

Results The incidence of type 2 diabetes during follow-up was 7.7 cases per 1000 person years at risk in dog owners and 7.9 cases per 1000 person years at risk in cat owners. The incidence of diabetes in the pets was 1.3 cases per 1000 dog years at risk and 2.2 cases per 1000 cat years at risk. The crude hazard ratio for type 2 diabetes in owners of a dog with diabetes compared with owners of a dog without diabetes was 1.38 (95% confidence interval 1.10 to 1.74), with a multivariable adjusted hazard ratio of 1.32 (1.04 to 1.68). Having an owner with type 2 diabetes was associated with an increased hazard of diabetes in the dog (crude hazard ratio 1.28, 1.01 to 1.63), which was attenuated after adjusting for owner’s age, with the confidence interval crossing the null (1.11, 0.87 to 1.42). No association was found between type 2 diabetes in cat owners and diabetes in their cats (crude hazard ratio 0.99, 0.74 to 1.34, and 1.00, 0.78 to 1.28, respectively).

Conclusions Data indicated that owners of a dog with diabetes were more likely to develop type 2 diabetes during follow-up than owners of a dog without diabetes. It is possible that dogs with diabetes could serve as a sentinel for shared diabetogenic health behaviours and environmental exposures.

DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m4337

Source: https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4337