美国拉根研究所Alejandro B. Balazs小组发现，COVID-19中和抗体可预测疾病的严重程度和存活率。相关论文于2020年12月15日在线发表在《细胞》杂志上。
研究人员检查了113名COVID-19患者的抗体反应，发现导致插管或死亡的严重病例表现出炎症标记增加、淋巴细胞减少、促炎细胞因子和高RBD抗体水平。虽然抗RBD IgG水平通常与中和效价相关，但对中和效价的定量显示，高效价是存活的预测指标。除中和野生型SARS-CoV-2外，患者血清还能够中和最近出现的SARS-CoV-2突变体D614G，这表明交叉保护可免受任何一种毒株的再次感染。然而，SARS-CoV-2血清通常缺乏与高度同源的前体蝙蝠冠状病毒WIV1-CoV（该病毒尚未越过物种壁垒）的交叉中和作用。
这些结果突出了中和体液免疫对疾病进展的重要性，以及开发广泛的保护性干预措施来预防未来冠状病毒大流行的需要。
据了解，COVID-19表现出从无症状到危及生命的可变症状严重程度，但对严重程度与体液免疫反应之间的关系了解甚少。
附：英文原文
Title: COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies predict disease severity and survival
Author: Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran, Evan C. Lam, Michael G. Astudillo, Diane Yang, Tyler E. Miller, Jared Feldman, Blake M. Hauser, Timothy M. Caradonna, Kiera L. Clayton, Adam D. Nitido, Mandakolathur R. Murali, Galit Alter, Richelle C. Charles, Anand Dighe, John A. Branda, Jochen K. Lennerz, Daniel Lingwood, Aaron G. Schmidt, A. John Iafrate, Alejandro B. Balazs
Issue&Volume: 2020-12-15
Abstract: COVID-19 exhibits variable symptom severity ranging from asymptomatic to life-threatening, yet the relationship between severity and the humoral immune response is poorly understood. We examined antibody responses in 113 COVID-19 patients and found that severe cases resulting in intubation or death exhibited increased inflammatory markers, lymphopenia, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and high anti-RBD antibody levels. While anti-RBD IgG levels generally correlated with neutralization titer, quantitation of neutralization potency revealed that high potency was a predictor of survival. In addition to neutralization of wild-type SARS-CoV-2, patient sera were also able to neutralize the recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 mutant D614G, suggesting cross-protection from reinfection by either strain. However, SARS-CoV-2 sera generally lacked cross-neutralization to a highly-homologous pre-emergent bat coronavirus, WIV1-CoV, that has not yet crossed the species barrier. These results highlight the importance of neutralizing humoral immunity on disease progression and the need to develop broadly protective interventions to prevent future coronavirus pandemics.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.12.015
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)31685-8