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一个嵌合基因在单倍体黄蜂中影响雌性性别决定
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2020/11/29 22:04:20

近日,荷兰格罗宁根大学Louis van de Zande及其研究组发现,一个嵌合基因在单倍体黄蜂Nasonia中父向性指引的雌性性别决定。该研究于2020年11月27日发表于国际一流学术期刊《科学》。

研究人员从分子和功能上鉴定了单倍体黄蜂Nasonia vitripennis的指导性性别决定基因wom(wasp overruler of masculinization)。该基因包含一个P53样结构域编码区,并通过基因复制和基因组重排而产生。母体对wom的沉默导致单倍体胚胎的雄性发育。受精后,开始从父代wom 等位基因进行早期合子转录,随后及时转化子(tra)的合子表达,从而导致雌性发育。因此,wom是一种指导基因,在性别确定中具有母本效应。
 
据了解,各种主要的信号指导昆虫的性别确定。在膜翅目昆虫中,需要有父本基因组来启动雌性发育。当缺乏时,单亲单倍体会雄性发育。
 
附:英文原文

Title: A chimeric gene paternally instructs female sex determination in the haplodiploid wasp Nasonia

Author: Yuan Zou, Elzemiek Geuverink, Leo W. Beukeboom, Eveline C. Verhulst, Louis van de Zande

Issue&Volume: 2020/11/27

Abstract: Various primary signals direct insect sex determination. In hymenopteran insects, the presence of a paternal genome is needed to initiate female development. When absent, uniparental haploid males develop. We molecularly and functionally identified the instructor sex-determination gene, wasp overruler of masculinization (wom), of the haplodiploid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. This gene contains a P53-like domain coding region and arose by gene duplication and genomic rearrangements. Maternal silencing of wom results in male development of haploid embryos. Upon fertilization, early zygotic transcription from the paternal wom allele is initiated, followed by a timely zygotic expression of transformer (tra), leading to female development. Wom is an instructor gene with a parent-of-origin effect in sex determination.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abb8949

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/370/6520/1115

期刊信息
Science:《科学》,创刊于1880年。隶属于美国科学促进会,最新IF:41.037