德国马克斯-普朗克生物化学研究所Veit Hornung团队发现，人类NLRP1是双链RNA感知蛋白。相关论文于2020年11月26日在线发表于国际学术期刊《科学》。

Title: Human NLRP1 is a sensor for double-stranded RNA

Author: Stefan Bauernfried, Matthias J. Scherr, Andreas Pichlmair, Karl E. Duderstadt, Veit Hornung

Issue&Volume: 2020/11/26

Abstract: AbstractInflammasomes function as intracellular sensors of pathogen infection or cellular perturbation and thereby play a central role in numerous diseases. Given the high abundance of NLRP1 in epithelial barrier tissues, we screened a diverse panel of viruses for inflammasome activation in keratinocytes. We identified Semliki Forest virus (SFV), a positive-strand RNA virus, as a potent activator of human, but not murine NLRP1. SFV replication and the associated formation of double-stranded (ds) RNA was required to engage the NLRP1 inflammasome. Moreover, delivery of long dsRNA was sufficient to trigger activation. Biochemical studies revealed that NLRP1 binds dsRNA via its LRR, resulting in its NACHT domain gaining ATPase activity. Altogether, these results establish human NLRP1 as a direct sensor for dsRNA and thus RNA virus infection.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abd0811

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/11/24/science.abd0811