巴西圣保罗大学Cecília G. Leal和英国兰开斯特大学Gareth D. Lennox研究组合作取得最新进展。他们表明陆地-淡水综合规划使热带水生物种的保护翻了一番。这一研究成果于2020年10月2日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《科学》上。

他们在亚马逊河对1500多种陆地和淡水物种进行了采样，并模拟了两个领域的物种保护。通过以陆地物种为基础的优先排序，平均仅获得了以淡水为重点保护所获淡水效益的22％。但是，通过使用整体的跨领域计划，可以将淡水效益最多增加600％，而将陆地效益减少1％。

如果无法获得淡水生物多样性数据，但考虑到水的连通性，由于陆地覆盖率的损失可忽略不计，淡水效益仍可能翻倍。迫切需要采取保护行动来改善全球淡水物种的状况。他们的结果表明，可以在不损害陆地保护目标的情况下实现此类效益。

研究人员表示，绝大多数保护举措都集中在陆地生物多样性上，而对于陆地保护行为的淡水协同效益知之甚少。

附：英文原文

Title: Integrated terrestrial-freshwater planning doubles conservation of tropical aquatic species

Author: Cecília G. Leal, Gareth D. Lennox, Silvio F. B. Ferraz, Joice Ferreira, Toby A. Gardner, James R. Thomson, Erika Berenguer, Alexander C. Lees, Robert M. Hughes, Ralph MacNally, Luiz E. O. C. Arago, Janaina G. de Brito, Leandro Castello, Rachael D. Garrett, Neusa Hamada, Leandro Juen, Rafael P. Leito, Julio Louzada, Thiago F. Morello, Nárgila G. Moura, Jorge L. Nessimian, José Max B. Oliveira-Junior, Victor Hugo F. Oliveira, Vívian C. de Oliveira, Luke Parry, Paulo S. Pompeu, Ricardo R. C. Solar, Jansen Zuanon, Jos Barlow

Issue&Volume: 2020/10/02

Abstract: Conservation initiatives overwhelmingly focus on terrestrial biodiversity, and little is known about the freshwater cobenefits of terrestrial conservation actions. We sampled more than 1500 terrestrial and freshwater species in the Amazon and simulated conservation for species from both realms. Prioritizations based on terrestrial species yielded on average just 22% of the freshwater benefits achieved through freshwater-focused conservation. However, by using integrated cross-realm planning, freshwater benefits could be increased by up to 600% for a 1% reduction in terrestrial benefits. Where freshwater biodiversity data are unavailable but aquatic connectivity is accounted for, freshwater benefits could still be doubled for negligible losses of terrestrial coverage. Conservation actions are urgently needed to improve the status of freshwater species globally. Our results suggest that such gains can be achieved without compromising terrestrial conservation goals.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aba7580

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/370/6512/117