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研究揭示不同口渴方式的细胞基础
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2020/10/16 15:24:04

美国加州理工学院Yuki Oka小组揭示了不同口渴方式的细胞基础。该研究于2020年10月14日在线发表于《自然》。

研究人员采用单细胞RNA测序技术进行刺激到细胞类型的定位,来鉴定了引起不同类型口渴的细胞底物。这些研究揭示了在每个室周器官结构中不同类型的兴奋性神经元和抑制性神经元。
 
研究人员表明,在渗透和血流压力时,这些神经元类型的独特组合被激活。这些结果阐明了不同口渴方式基础的细胞逻辑。此外,在口渴模式特异性细胞类型中的光遗传学功能重现了由两种不同刺激引起的水特异性和非特异性流体食欲。
 
总之,这些结果表明,口渴是一种多模式生理状态,而不同的口渴状态是由哺乳动物脑中特定的神经元类型介导的。
 
据悉,液体摄入是一种基本的先天行为,主要是由两种不同的口渴引起的。血液渗透压升高导致口渴,会驱使动物消耗纯净水。相反,体液的流失会引起口渴,动物会同时寻求水和矿物质(盐)以恢复血液量。终板的脑室器官是检测两种类型口渴刺激的关键部位。然而,如何在大脑中编码不同的口渴方式仍然未知。
 
附:英文原文

Title: The cellular basis of distinct thirst modalities

Author: Allan-Hermann Pool, Tongtong Wang, David A. Stafford, Rebecca K. Chance, Sangjun Lee, John Ngai, Yuki Oka

Issue&Volume: 2020-10-14

Abstract: Fluid intake is an essential innate behaviour that is mainly caused by two distinct types of thirst1,2,3. Increased blood osmolality induces osmotic thirst that drives animals to consume pure water. Conversely, the loss of body fluid induces hypovolaemic thirst, in which animals seek both water and minerals (salts) to recover blood volume. Circumventricular organs in the lamina terminalis are critical sites for sensing both types of thirst-inducing stimulus4,5,6. However, how different thirst modalities are encoded in the brain remains unknown. Here we employed stimulus-to-cell-type mapping using single-cell RNA sequencing to identify the cellular substrates that underlie distinct types of thirst. These studies revealed diverse types of excitatory and inhibitory neuron in each circumventricular organ structure. We show that unique combinations of these neuron types are activated under osmotic and hypovolaemic stresses. These results elucidate the cellular logic that underlies distinct thirst modalities. Furthermore, optogenetic gain of function in thirst-modality-specific cell types recapitulated water-specific and non-specific fluid appetite caused by the two distinct dipsogenic stimuli. Together, these results show that thirst is a multimodal physiological state, and that different thirst states are mediated by specific neuron types in the mammalian brain.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2821-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2821-8

期刊信息

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:43.07
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html