美国洛克菲勒大学Jeffrey V. Ravetch小组取得一项新突破。他们的最新研究表明Fc优化抗体引发CD8对病毒性呼吸道感染的免疫。2020年10月8日，国际学术期刊《自然》在线发表了这一成果。

研究人员发现改造抗流感IgG单克隆抗体（mAb）的Fc结构域使其选择性结合激活的FcγR、FcγRIIa可增强预防或治疗致命性病毒呼吸道感染的功效、增加成熟树突状细胞的数量以及诱导保护性CD8⁺ T细胞反应。这些发现凸显了当IgG抗体选择性激活树突状细胞-T细胞途径时，其具有诱导针对病毒感染保护性适应性免疫的能力，这对于研发具有抗病毒性呼吸道病原体功效的抗体具有重要意义。

据悉，研发针对病毒病原体的抗体是控制感染的潜在治疗方式，并且先前的研究已经确定，抗体抗病毒的效力需要Fab和Fc结构域的协调。Fc结构域可以与免疫系统中离散细胞上的多种受体（FcγR）结合，从而清除病毒并杀死感染的细胞。

附：英文原文

Title: Fc-optimized antibodies elicit CD8 immunity to viral respiratory infection

Author: Stylianos Bournazos, Davide Corti, Herbert W. Virgin, Jeffrey V. Ravetch

Issue&Volume: 2020-10-08

Abstract: Antibodies against viral pathogens represent promising therapeutic modalities for the control of infection, and several studies have previously established that their antiviral efficacy requires the coordinated function of both Fab and Fc domains1. The Fc domain engages a wide spectrum of receptors (FcγRs) on discrete cells of the immune system to trigger the clearance of virus and killing of infected cells1–4. Here, we report that Fc engineering of anti-influenza IgG monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for selective binding to the activating FcγR, FcγRIIa, results in enhanced efficacy to prevent or treat lethal viral respiratory infection with enhanced dendritic cell maturation and the induction of protective CD8+ T-cell responses. These findings highlight the capacity for IgG antibodies to induce protective adaptive immunity to viral infection when they selectively activate a dendritic cell–T cell pathway, having important implications for the development of antibody therapeutics with improved antiviral efficacy against viral respiratory pathogens.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2838-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2838-z