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气味表征的增白通过嗅球来实现
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2020/1/23 16:29:17

瑞士弗雷德里-希米歇尔生物医学研究所Rainer W. Friedrich小组的一项最新研究发现,气味表征的增白通过嗅球来实现。这一研究成果2020年1月20日在线发表在国际学术期刊《自然—神经科学》上。

研究人员测试了嗅球(OB)如何执行“增白”,这是一种基本计算,可以消除活动模式并通过记忆网络支持活动模式的分类。研究人员在幼年斑马鱼的OB中测量了气味诱发的活性,随后通过体积电子显微镜重建了完整的接线图。由此产生的功能性连接组揭示了多突触连接性基序的过度表征,其介导具有相似调节神经元之间的相互抑制。这种连通性抑制了冗余响应,并且对于在仿真中再现白化是必要且充分的。因此,气味表征的增白是由适合于自然输入模式接线图中的高级结构所介导的。
 
据介绍,大脑功能较高的神经元计算取决于特定神经元之间的突触相互作用。对此类计算的机制理解需要神经网络的接线图。
 
附:英文原文

Title: Whitening of odor representations by the wiring diagram of the olfactory bulb

Author: Adrian A. Wanner, Rainer W. Friedrich

Issue&Volume: 2020-01-20

Abstract: Neuronal computations underlying higher brain functions depend on synaptic interactions among specific neurons. A mechanistic understanding of such computations requires wiring diagrams of neuronal networks. In this study, we examined how the olfactory bulb (OB) performs ‘whitening’, a fundamental computation that decorrelates activity patterns and supports their classification by memory networks. We measured odor-evoked activity in the OB of a zebrafish larva and subsequently reconstructed the complete wiring diagram by volumetric electron microscopy. The resulting functional connectome revealed an over-representation of multisynaptic connectivity motifs that mediate reciprocal inhibition between neurons with similar tuning. This connectivity suppressed redundant responses and was necessary and sufficient to reproduce whitening in simulations. Whitening of odor representations is therefore mediated by higher-order structure in the wiring diagram that is adapted to natural input patterns.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0576-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-019-0576-z

期刊信息

Nature Neuroscience:《自然—神经科学》,创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新if:21.126
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接:https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex