2019年9月19日出版的《科学》，发表了瑞士苏黎世联邦理工学院Thomas P. Van Boeckel小组的最新成果。他们报道了低收入和中等收入国家动物抗菌素耐药性的全球趋势。

研究人员分析了发展中国家901个病原体点流行率调查，以绘制动物抗药性图谱。中国和印度是最大的耐药热点，巴西和肯尼亚出现了新的热点。从2000年到2018年，研究显示出50％以上抗菌素抗性的比例在鸡中从0.15增加到0.41，在猪中从0.13增加到0.34。研究人员预计动物的抗性升级会对动物健康产生重要影响，并最终对人类健康产生重要影响。

研究人员表示，全球对动物蛋白需求的扩大是我们这个时代最值得注意的饮食趋势。动物的抗菌素消耗量是人类的三倍，从而促进了生产大规模的动物蛋白质。与人类相比，对动物抗菌素耐药性后果的了解相对较少。

附：英文原文

Title: Global trends in antimicrobial resistance in animals in low- and middle-income countries

Author: Thomas P. Van Boeckel, Joo Pires, Reshma Silvester, Cheng Zhao, Julia Song, Nicola G. Criscuolo, Marius Gilbert, Sebastian Bonhoeffer, Ramanan Laxminarayan

Issue&Volume: Volume 365 Issue 6459

Abstract: 

The global scale-up in demand for animal protein is the most notable dietary trend of our time. Antimicrobial consumption in animals is threefold that of humans and has enabled large-scale animal protein production. The consequences for the development of antimicrobial resistance in animals have received comparatively less attention than in humans. We analyzed 901 point prevalence surveys of pathogens in developing countries to map resistance in animals. China and India represented the largest hotspots of resistance, with new hotspots emerging in Brazil and Kenya. From 2000 to 2018, the proportion of antimicrobials showing resistance above 50% increased from 0.15 to 0.41 in chickens and from 0.13 to 0.34 in pigs. Escalating resistance in animals is anticipated to have important consequences for animal health and, eventually, for human health.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw1944

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/365/6459/eaaw1944