来自弗吉尼亚联邦大学Gregory A. Buck课题组的研究表明，妊娠期妇女阴道微生物群系的动态变化具有种族多样性。 相关论文发表在2019年6月出版的《Nature Medicine》杂志上。

研究人员在两组经历过正常足月分娩的妇女中对阴道微生物群进行检测：一组研究群体为通过横断面抽样招募的613名孕妇和1969名非孕妇，这个队列的研究重点是具有非洲、西班牙或欧洲血统的300名孕妇和300名非孕妇两个亚群，并根据这些妇女的种族、孕龄和家庭收入将两个亚群的研究对象相匹配；另一组研究群体为通过抽样调查招募的90名具有非洲或其它血统的孕妇。在这些妇女中，随着孕期的延长，阴道微生物群逐步转向以乳酸杆菌为主的类型，这种以失去其它微生物群为代价的分类群通常提示阴道微生态平衡失调。在孕早期发生这些变化并遵循可预测的模式，与微生物种群代谢能力的单一化相关，这一关联性仅在具有非洲或西班牙血统的妇女中具有显著意义。由此看来，基因组和环境因素都可能是发生这些改变的原因，而社会经济地位可能是影响环境因素的一个方面。

据介绍，越来越多的证据表明，女性阴道微生物群系能够持续影响女性的生殖健康。

附：英文原文

Title: Racioethnic diversity in the dynamics of the vaginal microbiome during pregnancy

Author: Myrna G. Serrano, Hardik I. Parikh, J. Paul Brooks, David J. Edwards, Tom J. Arodz, Laahirie Edupuganti, Bernice Huang, Philippe H. Girerd, Yahya A. Bokhari, Steven P. Bradley, Jamie L. Brooks, Molly R. Dickinson, Jennifer I. Drake, Robert A. Duckworth, Stephen S. Fong, Abigail L. Glascock, Sophonie Jean, Nicole R. Jimenez, Joseph Khoury, Vishal N. Koparde, Ana M. Lara, Vladimir Lee, Andrey V. Matveyev, Sarah H. Milton, Shreni D. Mistry, Sarah K. Rozycki, Nihar U. Sheth, Ekaterina Smirnova, Stephany C. Vivadelli, N. Romesh Wijesooriya, Jie Xu, Ping Xu, Donald O. Chaffin, Amber L. Sexton, Michael G. Gravett, Craig E. Rubens, Karen D. Hendricks-Muoz, Kimberly K. Jefferson, Jerome F. Strauss, Jennifer M. Fettweis, Gregory A. Buck

Issue&Volume: Volume 25 Issue 6，June 2019

Abstract: The microbiome of the female reproductive tract has implications for womens reproductive health. We examined the vaginal microbiome in two cohorts of women who experienced normal term births: a cross-sectionally sampled cohort of 613 pregnant and 1,969 non-pregnant women, focusing on 300 pregnant and 300 non-pregnant women of African, Hispanic or European ancestry case-matched for race, gestational age and household income; and a longitudinally sampled cohort of 90 pregnant women of African or non-African ancestry. In these women, the vaginal microbiome shifted during pregnancy toward Lactobacillus-dominated profiles at the expense of taxa often associated with vaginal dysbiosis. The shifts occurred early in pregnancy, followed predictable patterns, were associated with simplification of the metabolic capacity of the microbiome and were significant only in women of African or Hispanic ancestry. Both genomic and environmental factors are likely contributors to these trends, with socioeconomic status as a likely environmental influence.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0465-8

Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-019-0465-8