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研究发现引入农场式室内微生物群可预防儿童哮喘
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2019/7/27 20:18:51

芬兰国立卫生和福利研究所的Pirkka V. Kirjavainen研究小组近日公布了一项研究成果。他们的研究表明,在非农场居住的家庭环境中引入类似农场的室内微生物群可以保护儿童免受哮喘发生。 该研究于2019年7月发表在国际一流学术期刊《自然—医学》上。

研究团队分析了在芬兰出生的居住在农场和非农场家庭中的儿童,并建立了能够区分两类居住环境菌群构成的研究模型,结果表明,非农场家庭内部环境菌群组成与农场家庭的相似度越高,在此环境中成长的儿童罹患哮喘的风险逐步降低。与室外相关菌群相比,室内保护性菌群中链球菌属的细菌丰度较低,并且这种保护作用与菌群种类的丰富程度和细菌总量无关。另外,体外研究表明室内菌群保护作用与体内对细菌细胞壁成分的促炎细胞因子反应性降低有关。与此同时,他们的研究在对另外一组德国农村儿童群体中得到了重复性结论,同样表明,生活在德国非农业家庭的儿童,提高其室内微生物群与芬兰农场家庭内部菌群的构成相似度,可以降低儿童罹患哮喘的风险。由此看来,室内尘埃微生物群组成是一个可定义的,可重复利用的用来预测罹患哮喘风险的指标,并有望成为预防哮喘疾病发生发展的靶标。

据了解,随着城市化进程的推进,哮喘疾病的流行程度也在增加,但即使在今天,在传统农场长大的人群能够得到保护,免受哮喘疾病的危害。当前研究表明,农场环境对阻止哮喘疾病发生的机制与丰富的家庭尘埃微生物群有关,有助于建立一个趋于健康的室内微生物群模型。

附:英文原文

Title: Farm-like indoor microbiota in non-farm homes protects children from asthma development

Author: Pirkka V. Kirjavainen, Anne M. Karvonen, Rachel I. Adams, Martin Tubel, Marjut Roponen, Pauli Tuoresmki, Georg Loss, Balamuralikrishna Jayaprakash, Martin Depner, Markus Johannes Ege, Harald Renz, Petra Ina Pfefferle, Bianca Schaub, Roger Lauener, Anne Hyvrinen, Rob Knight, Dick J. J. Heederik, Erika von Mutius, Juha Pekkanen

Issue&Volume: Volume 25 Issue 7, July 2019

Abstract: Asthma prevalence has increased in epidemic proportions with urbanization, but growing up on traditional farms offers protection even today. The asthma-protective effect of farms appears to be associated with rich home dust microbiota, which could be used to model a health-promoting indoor microbiome. Here we show by modeling differences in house dust microbiota composition between farm and non-farm homes of Finnish birth cohorts that in children who grow up in non-farm homes, asthma risk decreases as the similarity of their home bacterial microbiota composition to that of farm homes increases. The protective microbiota had a low abundance of Streptococcaceae relative to outdoor-associated bacterial taxa. The protective effect was independent of richness and total bacterial load and was associated with reduced proinflammatory cytokine responses against bacterial cell wall components ex vivo. We were able to reproduce these findings in a study among rural German children and showed that children living in German non-farm homes with an indoor microbiota more similar to Finnish farm homes have decreased asthma risk. The indoor dust microbiota composition appears to be a definable, reproducible predictor of asthma risk and a potential modifiable target for asthma prevention.

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0469-4

Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-019-0469-4

期刊信息

Nature Medicine:《自然—医学》,创刊于1995年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:30.641
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/nm/
投稿链接:https://mts-nmed.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex