美国加州大学旧金山分校Holger Willenbring和Feng Chen团队合作，发现肝细胞增殖在肝稳态和再生过程中广泛分布。相关论文在线发表在2019年12月19日的《细胞—干细胞》上。

研究人员通过随机谱系追踪的方法来定位和量化正常和受损肝脏中肝细胞的克隆扩增。研究发现分布在整个小叶的肝细胞适度增殖维持了肝细胞的质量，并且大多数肝细胞会通过增殖的方式再生，二倍体提供了比多倍体更大的生长优势。这些结果表明，增殖能力广泛分布在肝细胞之间，而不仅局限在稀有的干细胞样群体中。

据悉，肝细胞增殖是肝脏稳态和再生过程中产生新肝细胞的主要来源。最近的研究表明，这种增殖能力在肝细胞之间分布不均，其主要集中在一小部分肝细胞中，类似干细胞，位于中央静脉周围或遍布整个肝小叶，并分别表现出活跃的WNT信号或高端粒酶活性。这些发现是通过利用生长调节剂的成分作为遗传谱系追踪标记而获得的。

附：英文原文

Title: Broad Distribution of Hepatocyte Proliferation in Liver Homeostasis and Regeneration

Author: Feng Chen, Robert J. Jimenez, Khushbu Sharma, Hubert Y. Luu, Bernadette Y. Hsu, Ajay Ravindranathan, Bradley A. Stohr, Holger Willenbring

Issue&Volume: December 19, 2019

Abstract: Hepatocyte proliferation is the principal mechanism for generating new hepatocytesin liver homeostasis and regeneration. Recent studies have suggested that this abilityis not equally distributed among hepatocytes but concentrated in a small subset ofhepatocytes acting like stem cells, located around the central vein or distributedthroughout the liver lobule and exhibiting active WNT signaling or high telomeraseactivity, respectively. These findings were obtained by utilizing components of thesegrowth regulators as markers for genetic lineage tracing. Here, we used random lineagetracing to localize and quantify clonal expansion of hepatocytes in normal and injuredliver. We found that modest proliferation of hepatocytes distributed throughout thelobule maintains the hepatocyte mass and that most hepatocytes proliferate to regenerateit, with diploidy providing a growth advantage over polyploidy. These results showthat the ability to proliferate is broadly distributed among hepatocytes rather thanlimited to a rare stem cell-like population.

DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.11.001

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/fulltext/S1934-5909(19)30456-4