英国伦敦大学学院Daisy Fancourt研究组近日取得一项新成果。经过不懈努力，他们对英国老年人纵向研究中艺术参与与死亡率之间的关系进行了14年的随访分析。这一研究成果于2019年12月18日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《英国医学杂志》上。

为探讨14年随访期间艺术参与的不同频率与死亡率的关系，研究组进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。选择2004-2005年提供基线数据的6710名50岁及以上社区居民，53.6%为女性，平均年龄65.9岁，自我表述的接受艺术参与包括去博物馆、美术馆、展览、剧院、音乐会或歌剧。通过国家卫生服务中心登记处来评估死亡率。

与从未参与艺术活动的人相比，较少参与接受艺术活动的人在随访期间的总死亡风险降低了14%，经常参与接受艺术活动的人死亡风险降低了31%，且与人群、社会经济、健康相关、行为和社会因素无关。一系列敏感度分析表明性别、社会经济地位或社会因素对该结果无影响。这项研究是观察性的，因此不能假设因果关系。

结果表明，参与艺术活动可能致老年人长寿。该结果可部分解释那些参与和不参与艺术的人在认知、心理健康和体力活动方面的差异，即便对相关因素进行校正，该差异依旧存在。

附：英文原文

Title: The art of life and death: 14 year follow-up analyses of associations between arts engagement and mortality in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Author: Daisy Fancourt, Andrew Steptoe

Issue&Volume: 2019/12/18

Abstract: 

Objective To explore associations between different frequencies of arts engagement and mortality over a 14 year follow-up period.

Design Prospective cohort study.

Participants English Longitudinal Study of Ageing cohort of 6710 community dwelling adults aged 50 years and older (53.6% women, average age 65.9 years, standard deviation 9.4) who provided baseline data in 2004-05.

Intervention Self reported receptive arts engagement (going to museums, art galleries, exhibitions, the theatre, concerts, or the opera).

Measurement Mortality measured through data linkage to the National Health Service central register.

Results People who engaged with receptive arts activities on an infrequent basis (once or twice a year) had a 14% lower risk of dying at any point during the follow-up (809/3042 deaths, hazard ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.77 to 0.96) compared with those who never engaged (837/1762 deaths). People who engaged with receptive arts activities on a frequent basis (every few months or more) had a 31% lower risk of dying (355/1906 deaths, 0.69, 0.59 to 0.80), independent of demographic, socioeconomic, health related, behavioural, and social factors. Results were robust to a range of sensitivity analyses with no evidence of moderation by sex, socioeconomic status, or social factors. This study was observational and so causality cannot be assumed.

Conclusions Receptive arts engagement could have a protective association with longevity in older adults. This association might be partly explained by differences in cognition, mental health, and physical activity among those who do and do not engage in the arts, but remains even when the model is adjusted for these factors.

DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l6377

Source: https://www.bmj.com/content/367/bmj.l6377