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西瓜基因组图谱揭示果实品质性状进化机制
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2019/11/3 0:02:37

北京市农林科学院许勇团队、中国农科院郑州果树所刘文革团队、美国康奈尔大学Boyce Thompson研究所费章君团队和中国农科院深圳基因组所黄三文团队等合作完成了新的西瓜基因组图谱绘制。2019年11月1日,国际学术期刊《自然—遗传学》在线发表了该研究成果。

研究人员报道了一个改进的西瓜参考基因组和414个代表西瓜属所有现存物种的全基因组重测序。群体基因组分析揭示了西瓜属的进化历史,表明了Citrullus amarus与含有Citrullus lanatus和Citrullus lanatus谱系的独立进化。研究人员发现,在形成、驯化和改良过程中,影响西瓜果实大小的不同基因座受到了选择。在甜西瓜的祖先中产生的非苦等位基因主要固定在C. lanatus中。果肉甜度的选择始于C. lanatus的祖先,并通过控制棉子糖分解代谢和糖运输的基因座在现代育种继续进行。果肉的颜色和糖分积累可能是通过包括糖转运蛋白基因在内的共有遗传成分共同进化而来。

这项研究提供了宝贵的基因组资源,并阐明了西瓜的物种形成和育种历史。

据了解,甜西瓜的水果特性很大程度上是人类选择的结果。

附:英文原文
 
Title:Resequencing of 414 cultivated and wild watermelon accessions identifies selection for fruit quality traits
 
Author:Shaogui Guo, Shengjie Zhao, Honghe Sun, Xin Wang, Shan Wu, Tao Lin, Yi Ren, Lei Gao, Yun Deng, Jie Zhang, Xuqiang Lu, Haiying Zhang, Jianli Shang, Guoyi Gong, Changlong Wen, Nan He, Shouwei Tian, Maoying Li, Junpu Liu, Yanping Wang, Yingchun Zhu, Robert Jarret, Amnon Levi, Xingping Zhang, Sanwen Huang, Zhangjun Fei, Wenge Liu & Yong Xu 
 
Issue&Volume:01 November 2019
 
Abstract: Fruit characteristics of sweet watermelon are largely the result of human selection. Here we report an improved watermelon reference genome and whole-genome resequencing of 414 accessions representing all extant species in the Citrullus genus. Population genomic analyses reveal the evolutionary history of Citrullus, suggesting independent evolutions in Citrullus amarus and the lineage containing Citrullus lanatus and Citrullus mucosospermus. Our findings indicate that different loci affecting watermelon fruit size have been under selection during speciation, domestication and improvement. A non-bitter allele, arising in the progenitor of sweet watermelon, is largely fixed in C. lanatus. Selection for flesh sweetness started in the progenitor of C. lanatus and continues through modern breeding on loci controlling raffinose catabolism and sugar transport. Fruit flesh coloration and sugar accumulation might have co-evolved through shared genetic components including a sugar transporter gene. This study provides valuable genomic resources and sheds light on watermelon speciation and breeding history.
 
DOI:10.1038/s41588-019-0518-4
 
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-019-0518-4

期刊信息

Nature Genetics:《自然—遗传学》,创刊于1992年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:25.455
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/ng/
投稿链接:https://mts-ng.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex