日本东京大学Masumi Yamamuro研究团队揭示了新烟碱类杀虫剂破坏了水生食物网，降低了渔业产量。该成果发表在11月1日出版的《科学》杂志上。

该研究团队报报道，新烟碱类杀虫剂的高毒性和持久性威胁着水生系统。这些效应通过改变食物网的结构和动态而级联到更高的营养级别，从而影响了更高层次的消费者。

他们表明，使用有关浮游动物，水质和鳗鱼和鳗鱼和胡瓜鱼年产量的数据，自1993年在日本岛根县的真治湖流域应用新烟碱以来，春季浮游动物平均生物量减少了83%，使胡瓜鱼产量从240吨下降至22吨。这种破坏也可能在其他地方发生，因为新烟碱类药物是目前全球使用最广泛的杀虫剂。

研究人员表示，无脊椎动物的数量减少在陆地生态系统中十分普遍，农药的使用经常被认为是其原因。

附：英文原文

Title: Neonicotinoids disrupt aquatic food webs and decrease fishery yields

Author: Masumi Yamamuro, Takashi Komuro, Hiroshi Kamiya, Toshikuni Kato, Hitomi Hasegawa, Yutaka Kameda

Issue&Volume: 2019/11/01

Abstract: Invertebrate declines are widespread in terrestrial ecosystems, and pesticide use is often cited as a causal factor. Here, we report that aquatic systems are threatened by the high toxicity and persistence of neonicotinoid insecticides. These effects cascade to higher trophic levels by altering food web structure and dynamics, affecting higher-level consumers. Using data on zooplankton, water quality, and annual fishery yields of eel and smelt, we show that neonicotinoid application to watersheds since 1993 coincided with an 83% decrease in average zooplankton biomass in spring, causing the smelt harvest to collapse from 240 to 22 tons in Lake Shinji, Shimane Prefecture, Japan. This disruption likely also occurs elsewhere, as neonicotinoids are currently the most widely used class of insecticides globally.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aax3442

Source:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6465/620