近日，西班牙穆尔西亚大学Montserrat Elías-Arnanz和S. Padmanabhan等研究人员合作借助细菌光响应发现了一个可用于人类缩醛磷脂合成的孤儿去饱和酶。相关论文发表在2019年10月4日出版的《科学》上。

研究人员发现烷酰基甘油磷酸乙醇胺去饱和酶活性对于一个细菌的酶CarF（人类酶TMEM189的同源物）形成乙烯基醚键是必不可少。CarF介导了黄色粘液球菌中的光诱导类胡萝卜素生成，并且缩醛磷脂通过单线态氧参与感知光氧化应激。TMEM189和其他动物同源物可以在功能上替代黄色粘液球菌中的CarF，并且在人类细胞系中敲除TMEM189可消除缩醛磷脂。人类烷酰基甘油磷酸乙醇胺去饱和酶的发现将促进缩醛磷脂在生物生成、功能和疾病中作用的进一步研究。

据了解，缩醛磷脂是具有标志性sn-1乙烯基醚键的甘油磷脂。这些脂质存在于动物和某些细菌中，并认为具有膜组织、信号传导和抗氧化的作用。

附：英文原文

Title: A bacterial light response reveals an orphan desaturase for human plasmalogen synthesis

Author: Aránzazu Gallego-García, Antonio J. Monera-Girona, Elena Pajares-Martínez, Eva Bastida-Martínez, Ricardo Pérez-Castao, Antonio A. Iniesta, Marta Fontes, S. Padmanabhan, Montserrat Elías-Arnanz

Issue&Volume: Volume 366 Issue 6461

Abstract: Plasmalogens are glycerophospholipids with a hallmark sn-1 vinyl ether bond. These lipids are found in animals and some bacteria and have proposed membrane organization, signaling, and antioxidant roles. We discovered the plasmanylethanolamine desaturase activity that is essential for vinyl ether bond formation in a bacterial enzyme, CarF, which is a homolog of the human enzyme TMEM189. CarF mediates light-induced carotenogenesis in Myxococcus xanthus, and plasmalogens participate in sensing photooxidative stress through singlet oxygen. TMEM189 and other animal homologs could functionally replace CarF in M. xanthus, and knockout of TMEM189 in a human cell line eliminated plasmalogens. Discovery of the human plasmanylethanolamine desaturase will spur further study of plasmalogen biogenesis, functions, and roles in disease.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aay1436

Source:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6461/128