美国斯坦福大学Erica D. Sonnenburg和Justin L. Sonnenburg研究团队总结工业化社会环境中人体微生物群的脆弱性。该综述文章发表在10月25日出版的《科学》杂志上。

文章说，人体是一个生态系统，栖息着一系列复杂的微生物，被称为微生物组或微生物群。这个生态系统在人类健康中发挥着重要作用，但是由于最近地球上生活方式的改变，整个人群的肠道菌群发生了重大变化。杀灭或限制病原微生物接触的措施，诸如抗生素和卫生设施等，再加上诸如加工食品之类的其他因素，已经对人体微生物组产生了意想不到的后果，包括可能难以逆转的变化。

文章表示，微生物群的改变以及随之而来的某些功能属性的丧失，可能导致生活在工业化社会中的人们的微生物群落对人类健康产生不利影响。随着宏观生态学家、环境保护主义者和气候科学家争相记录、理解、预测和延迟人们认识到更广泛环境中的全球变化，微生物群科学家可能会通过使用类似方法来研究和保护我们自身微生物生态系统，从而使人们受益。

附：英文原文

Title: Vulnerability of the industrialized microbiota

Author: Justin L. Sonnenburg, Erica D. Sonnenburg

Issue&Volume: 2019/10/25

Abstract: The human body is an ecosystem that is home to a complex array of microbes known as the microbiome or microbiota. This ecosystem plays an important role in human health, but as a result of recent lifestyle changes occurring around the planet, whole populations are seeing a major shift in their gut microbiota. Measures meant to kill or limit exposure to pathogenic microbes, such as antibiotics and sanitation, combined with other factors such as processed food, have had unintended consequences for the human microbial ecosystem, including changes that may be difficult to reverse. Microbiota alteration and the accompanying loss of certain functional attributes might result in the microbial communities of people living in industrialized societies being suboptimal for human health. As macroecologists, conservationists, and climate scientists race to document, understand, predict, and delay global changes in our wider environment, microbiota scientists may benefit by using analogous approaches to study and protect our intimate microbial ecosystems.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw9255

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6464/eaaw9255